1. The key role of the focusing system
The beam focusing system in the fiber laser tube cutting machine is like a precise "scalpel", which plays a decisive role in cutting accuracy. It is responsible for focusing the laser beam onto a very small spot on the surface of the tube, making the energy highly concentrated.
Appropriate focusing can ensure that the laser energy reaches the ideal power density at the cutting point of the tube, thereby effectively melting and gasifying the material. For example, when cutting thin-walled metal tubes, precise focusing can make the cutting edge neat and smooth, reducing the generation of burrs and slag. The performance of the focusing system is mainly determined by the focal length, numerical aperture and other parameters of the focusing lens. The reasonable selection and optimization of these parameters are the basis for improving cutting accuracy.
2. Optimizing focusing parameters to improve accuracy
Optimizing the parameters of the focusing system is an important way to improve cutting accuracy. The choice of focal length should be determined comprehensively based on the material, thickness and required spot size of the tube. A shorter focal length can make the spot smaller and the energy density higher, which is conducive to cutting thin tubes and obtaining finer cutting edges; but for thick tubes, the cutting may be unstable due to the short focal depth.
The numerical aperture affects the focusing ability and focal depth of the beam. Properly increasing the numerical aperture can enhance the energy concentration, but too large a numerical aperture may cause aberration and other problems that affect the cutting quality. Through a large number of experiments and simulation calculations, the optimal focal length and numerical aperture combination under different cutting tasks can be accurately determined, which can significantly improve the cutting accuracy. For example, when cutting stainless steel pipes, the optimized focusing parameters can reduce the roughness of the cutting surface by more than 30%.
3. Application of dynamic focusing technology
With the increasing diversification of pipe processing needs, dynamic focusing technology has emerged. When cutting pipes with complex shapes or changing diameters, the traditional fixed focusing method is difficult to ensure the accuracy of the entire cutting process. The dynamic focusing system can automatically adjust the position or focal length of the focusing lens according to the real-time position of the cutting head and the shape change of the pipe, so that the laser beam always remains in the best focusing state.
For example, when cutting aluminum alloy pipes with arcs, dynamic focusing technology can ensure that the laser can be accurately focused at different arc positions, the arc of the cut pipes is smooth, and the dimensional accuracy error is controlled within a very small range, which greatly improves the quality and efficiency of processing complex pipes.
4. Focusing system and other components work together
The beam focusing system does not work in isolation. It works together with other components of the fiber laser tube cutting machine to maximize cutting accuracy. When working with the motion control system, precise focusing plus precise cutting head motion trajectory planning can avoid the decrease in accuracy caused by cutting path deviation; working with the laser generator to ensure stable laser output power while achieving good focusing, so that the energy acts evenly on the cutting part.
In addition, good beam shaping technology combined with the focusing system can optimize the energy distribution of the beam and further improve cutting accuracy and quality. Only when the various components work closely together can the best performance of the fiber laser tube cutting machine be fully utilized to meet the industrial needs of high-precision tube cutting.
